Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the number one cause of

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the number one cause of death and disability in industrialized countries. to replace the damaged tissue. Stem cells (SCs) have been proposed as a viable therapy option in these cases. However, despite the great enthusiasm at the beginning of the SC era, justified by promising initial results, this therapy… Continue reading Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the number one cause of

The mechanisms underlying B cell activation that persists during antiretroviral therapy

The mechanisms underlying B cell activation that persists during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are unfamiliar. responsive to TLR stimulation compared to B cells of HIV? subjects. The activated phenotype of TLR-stimulated B cells of HIV? subjects was similar to B cells from HIVART+ individuals. TLR2 stimulation was a potent mediator of B cell activation whereas B… Continue reading The mechanisms underlying B cell activation that persists during antiretroviral therapy